Can an Indian port authority detain a ship under the Ballast Water Management Convention?

flowchart LR
  A["Article 9 inspection: certificate, Ballast Water Record Book, sampling"] --> B{"Valid certificate, proper record book, sample in order?"}
  B -->|Yes| C["Ship proceeds"]
  B -->|No| D["More detailed inspection; no discharge until safe (article 9.3)"]
  D --> E["Article 10: warn, detain or exclude; flag notified (article 11)"]
  E --> F["No undue delay; compensation if unduly detained (article 12)"]

• Yes: articles 9 and 10 of the BWM Convention 2004 (in force 8 September 2017): inspect and, on a violation, warn, detain or exclude.
• Article 9: certificate, Ballast Water Record Book and sampling; a more detailed inspection only without a valid certificate, on clear grounds, a badly kept record book or a bad sample; no discharge until safe (9.3).
• Article 10: on a detected violation the flag or port Party may warn, detain or exclude; a ship posing a threat may not discharge until it is removed.
• Safeguards: article 11 the flag is notified; article 12 no undue delay, compensation for undue detention.
• Standards: D-1 exchange at 95% volumetric or three tank volumes pumped through; D-2 fewer than 10 viable organisms per cubic metre at 50 µm and above, fewer than 10 per millilitre at 10 to 50 µm, and the indicator microbes.
• As Chief Engineer: the BWMS is mine: run to D-2, Record Book accurate, Plan and Certificate valid, so the port never finds grounds.